All things you wanted to know about diamonds

By koko27513

Diamonds are the hardest substance known on Earth and are good conductors of heat but poor conductors of electricity though some rare forms, particularly the grey-to-blue ones called type IIB, are semiconductors, and are somewhat conductive.

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The force of being buried under great pressure and heat is what causes carbon to form into diamonds. These are then pushed up to the surface in a rare type of magma called kimberlite and forced out from a diatreme or pipe type of volcanic vent.

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Due to the tightly compacted atoms and electrons in the composition of a diamond, it has the ability to reduce the velocity of light that passes through it. This is what gives a diamond its unique lustre.

It was not until almost 300 years ago that it was discovered that diamonds are a form of carbon. Over 150 years later, a method of being able to produce a synthetic diamond was finally discovered.

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As there is nothing tougher than a diamond, it is the only thing that can be used to cut another diamond. Because of this, it is used heavily in the industrial sector for cutting, polishing, grinding and drilling. The majority of industrial rock drills have diamond tips. Diamonds are no longer just used in the industrial sector since they are now becoming a more popular material used in home electronics, appliances, and automobiles.
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When it comes to jewellery, diamonds are one of most popular of all the gems. Diamond jewelry is considered a classic from weddings and engagements to anniversaries and even celebrity awards ceremonies.

Due to the hardness of a diamond, jewellery containing diamonds is normally made from 18 carat gold as the setting needs to be of a certain hardness to hold the diamond.

In the 15th century, Archduke Maximilian of Austria presented Mary of Burgundy with a diamond ring on their engagement as a romantic gesture. Since this time, diamonds have been seen as a symbol of love, joy and romance. Although it started with a diamond ring, all diamond jewellery is now seen as a token of everlasting love and perfection. It is also traditional to wear diamonds as a symbol of achievement and a symbol of status and success.

Carat is the size or weight measurement of the diamond and unlike gold is not simply so much per carat. Diamond prices vary considerably according to the 3 Cs. These are color, clarity and cut.

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Not all diamonds are colorless. However, the colorless diamonds are more valuable than those that have a colored tint to them, since these colors are caused by impurities. Amazingly enough, one of the main contributing factors to the value of a diamond is the only human contribution to a diamond’s brilliance and that is how a diamond is cut. Cutting can be performed in a number of ways such as deep cut, shallow cut and perfect length. Cutting colored diamonds is a different process to clear diamonds though, as the diamond needs to be cut to maximize the color.

Since a diamond displays what is called an ‘adamantine’ lustre it cannot be continually polished as it will cause it to lose its properties.

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